A place you would love to return to again Free Essays

I couldn't imagine anything better than to return to Mumbai in India, on the off chance that I ever get an opportunity. Mumbai is one of the metropolitan urban communities of India. It is popular for its warm individuals, moderate atmosphere, Elephanta Caves and sea shores like Chawpatti, Juhu and Marine drive. We will compose a custom exposition test on A spot you couldn't want anything more than to come back to once more or then again any comparable subject just for you Request Now It is the capital of the territory of Maharashtra. Seven islands whose names are Colaba, Mahim, Parel, Mazagaon, Old Woman’s Island, Wadala, and Matunga-Sion combine to frame Mumbai. It is a city which is near the Arabian Sea. It is additionally called Bollywood city, where the vast majority of the on-screen characters and on-screen characters of the Hindi film industry live. I couldn't want anything more than to come back to this spot since I have spent an important youth in this city. Mumbai is extremely near my heart. I got a chance to visit this spot when I was concentrating in school. The spot looked at lovely without flinching of a 9 yr old young lady. We lived a long way from the downtown area. There were mountains at the scenery and when it down-poured, I could see the cascades from the window of my home. There were coconut tree all around which likewise added to the excellence. There was additionally a playing ground close by where I played with different children of my age. The spot looked alluring to me since it was very surprising from where we lived before we came here. In Mumbai I cherished the open space it gave and obviously the mountains. I have stunning beloved recollections of Mumbai. I spend my school days in this city. I think this is one reason that I love this spot to such an extent. I made numerous companions in this spot. My best was a young lady from Mumbai. I knew her from my school days; she concentrated with me in a similar school. We remained companions for a long time, much after I came back to Kolkata, my local spot. I met young ladies and young men of various culture and foundation and hosted the chance to appreciate numerous gatherings, picnics and excursions together. I despite everything recollect a few exercises that my family and I did in Mumbai, which was never conceivable in Kolkata as my dad turned out to be occupied with his work. On siestas and summer excursions, we visited numerous spots like the zoo, the Gate of India, Ajanta Ellora caverns and Elephanta Caves. We additionally visited a close by slope station called Bahabaleshwar and Goa, a flawless spot close to Mumbai. I recall that the greater part of the days after supper we use to take a walk. In transit there were many frozen yogurt slows down and my dad consistently purchased desserts for us. I likewise delighted in various Indian celebrations like Diwali, Durga Puja, Holi and Ganesh Puja. As a Bengali, we were away from home however the spot felt like home to us in light of the fact that there were Bengali affiliations and our principle celebration, Durga Puja was praised in a stupendous way. Puja brought euphoria for me since I got new garments and desserts. My mom consistently demanded that I and my sister partake in social capacities. It was a decent encounter. I question that I was a decent entertainer yet I generally get heaps of praises from the crowd. I grew up and in light of my investigations; I needed more an ideal opportunity to take an interest in such social exercises any longer after we came back to our local land.  I realize that Mumbai has grown a great deal as a city in the previous hardly any years however I recall the spot as I have seen multi year back. I can in any case picture my home, the play area, the mountains and the splendid springs. At times I dread that on the off chance that I ever come back to the city, I won’t have the option to perceive and acknowledge the progressions that have occurred. Additionally my companions and others whom I have known, the majority of them have moved somewhere else or have changed with time. Anyway I despite everything wish to return and visit where I have spend my youth days. It would give me colossal delight to re-live my youth once more. Work Citation: â€Å"Mumbai Travel Guide†. 8 November 2007. http://www.mumbai.org.uk/  Instructions to refer to A spot you couldn't want anything more than to come back to once more, Papers

Causes Of The Cold War Essay -- essays research papers

Reasons for the Cold War  â â â â The Cold War happened during a period of modifying for Europe. It described global relations and ruled the international strategies of Europe. It influenced the entirety of Europe and decided enduring collusions. The Cold War was brought about by the social atmosphere and pressure in Europe toward the finish of World War II and by the expanding power battles between the Soviet Union. Monetary division between the Soviets and the west additionally uplifted pressures, alongside the danger of atomic war.  â â â â One fundamental clash between the Soviet Union was the huge ideological contrasts. One of the fundamental principles of socialism is that free enterprise is inalienably awful and represented a danger to the common laborers. The socialists see every single industrialist country as potential adversaries. As per them, private enterprise will in the end annihilate itself and it is their obligation to help it along. They decline collaboration among themselves and entrepreneur countries ideologically. These broad contrasts in convictions enlarged the hole between the Soviet Union and the west. Another reason for the Cold War was the Soviet Unions authority over Eastern Europe and the shaping of monetary unions in response. Toward the finish of World War II, the Soviet Union started changing the recently liberated nations and overwhelmed them individually until all of Eastern Europe was a piece of the Soviet Union. The United States got frightened with the developing of socialism in Europe and set up...

SHRED case analysis Essay Example

SHRED case investigation Paper Hal was named to lead a bookkeeper group on November 15 His Job was to report the review progress There are commonly 4 situations in a review group: Partner-in-control: in general the most dependable one Manager: oversees the entire examining process In-control senior: does the evaluating plan Staff individuals: perform errands Frank is the accomplice in-control Although new, Hal gets one of the four seniors, yet after Richard signs, Hal becomes in-control senior, Audit report should be finished by January 15 There were numerous explanations that couldnt be given to Hal. Hal and Linda both experience unordinary things. Stage 3: Write the difficult explanation. A. First rundown the manifestations of the general issue that is causing the side effects. The other senior inspectors act in their own specific manner as opposed to together. Honest has poor hard working attitudes. Franks hard working attitudes influences the entire examining process The cutoff time is close. B. At that point name the shopping center hidden Issue?the center issue Due to Franks poor work trustworthiness, it influences Halls occupation and position as the in-control Enron. C. Compose the difficult articulation. Express the most critical issue in 3 to 5 sentences. Hal, the reviewing In-control senior of Reheard Company, was alloted to review the ABA Group Ltd. Because of Franks, the accomplice in-control, poor hard working attitudes, Halls position as the in-control senior and the entire task gets risked. Hal must move toward Frank inside the following day to fix things and to converse with him about the groups discoveries, in any case, Halls positions, the firm, and ABA will confront terrible results. Stage 4: State a target for the chief Involved. Momentary target (s): 1. To fix things with Frank 2. We will compose a custom exposition test on SHRED case investigation explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on SHRED case examination explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on SHRED case examination explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer To introduce the groups discoveries and to ensure the examining group is in the same spot. Long haul objective (s): 10 present a distressing rep 2. To cooperate as a group. Rotor Step 5: Identify and rank request basic issues (fundamental issues) identified with the issue. Were concentrating on one hidden issue much of the time, however there can be mutiple. 1. Because of Franks poor hard working attitudes, it influences Halls Job and position as the in-control senior. 2. The group isn't cooperating, nor are they on the same wavelength. 3. A review report for the ABA is expected on January 15. Stage 6: Consider significant data (realities) and fundamental suspicions identified with the issue. The other senior inspectors act in their own specific manner as opposed to together. Straight to the point has poor hard working attitudes. Stage 7: List potential answers for the issue. 1 . ) Hal can proceed report his discoveries Advantages It will manage the circumstance with Frank The best thing would be done/hard working attitudes and respectability. Burdens It makes him a little snitch story for uncovering Frank It will make the reviewing bunch look awful, as though they can not cooperate. Potential Outcomes Best: The gathering changes and works with trustworthiness. In all likelihood: The Frank circumstance will be managed. Most unrealistic: The gathering will look terrible. 2. ) Hal can oblige his groups report There will be a report to present to ABA Even however the Frank circumstance wont be brought to consideration, it will make the gathering look as though they cooperated, expertly. Detriments It isn't the proper activity Frank will keep on acting like this Best: ABA will never get some answers concerning the issues with respect to Frank Most Likely: They will have something to present to ABA Most improbable: ABA get some answers concerning all the issues occurring inside the reviewing bunch step B: select ten Test arrangement. I think the best answer for Hal is to report his own discoveries. With work, trustworthiness and having great hard working attitudes is completely significant. It is significant for the own individual and obviously the organization. Straight to the point may imagines that he is profiting by it, yet it truly is going to influences him. In addition to the fact that it affects him, however it additionally influences his associates, the ABA, and Reheard Company. Stage 9: Decide how to actualize the arrangement. Hal should converse with Frank actually first. In the event that that doesn't work I think Hal ought to carry the thoughtfulness regarding possibly the manager of Reheard Company. It may make Hal appear to be a snitch story, yet toward the day's end it is extremely about making the best choice. Stage 10: Explain how to convey the arrangement. Hal should converse with Frank first and attempt to work through the issue. They ought to talk about his discoveries and afterward attempt to understand it at that moment. Ideally Frank will change and see what the better decision and course is for him, the organization, and his associates.

Pest Analysis of KfC Essay

1.0: presentation Kentucky singed chicken likewise knows as KFC, the world generally enormous and surely understands drive-through joint that have in excess of 10 thousands areas worldwide in excess of 80 nations. Individuals from more youthful age to more seasoned age likewise know the trademark of KFC, which is â€Å"Finger lickin’ Good†, and the elderly person with white suits hand holding a dark shading prop. These days, we can see KFC in any mall, or some mainstream area. We can get administration or their item effectively, it extremely helpful. I need to direct a PEST examination of this organization. First I need to cover the historical backdrop of KFC, and cap administrations and items that KFC give. History of KFC KFC, Kentucky seared chicken is conceived at year 1950 at an astounding pace from one street side café into a globally famous eatery network. KFC is established by Harland Sanders in Corbin, Kentucky. He was conceived on a little homestead in Henryville, Indiana, America, in 1890. Sanders open his first eatery in a little receiving area of a service station in Corbin, Kentucky. He had names the eating region as â€Å"Sanders Court and Cafã ©.† In year 1936, Kentucky Governor Ruby Laffoon makes Sanders a privileged Kentucky Colonel in acknowledgment of his acknowledgment of his commitments to the state’s food. Sanders additionally built up a one of a kind, speedy strategy for spicing and weight †searing chicken. At long last, the business development surpassed until he can't deal with, so he offered it to a gathering of individuals shaped the Kentucky Fried chicken. In 1964 Sanders offered Kentucky Fried Chicken to a financial specialist bunch headed by John Y. Earthy colored, Jr. what's more, Nashville agent John (Jack) Massey that Colonel Sanders despite everything was Kentucky Fried Chicken Goodwill Ambassador for aiding and giving recommendation. Sanders Colonel passed on in 1980 he was multi year old. In spite of the fact that he is no longer with us, his methods of reasoning of difficult work and incredible help we give to our clients will consistently be a piece of KFC custom. Items and administrations The primary result of KFC of cause is the first singed chicken. After this, the hot singed chicken is coming up straightaway. With the exception of these items, KFC additionally give a wide range of sort of inexpensive food. For instance, servings of mixed greens, sides, enormous box feast, supper for children, sweets, and very different sort of plated dinners. Presently the most recent item is twister, it helps KFC increment many benefit. Individuals can arrange relies upon their needs. It extremely helpful for clients. KFC additionally give a lot of sort of administrations, for example, 24 hour administration, free conveyance for some chose area, web based requesting, open air providing food, kid play regions, uncommon feasting office for business clients and that's just the beginning. It can spare clients time and expenses. That why individuals like to have dinner at KFC. 2.0 Company PEST Vermin represents political, financial, social, and innovative. It is significant for a business since it will impact the natural effect of the business. Acknowledgment is a helpful method of nuisances, and anticipates the outer condition of business activity. The vital that KFC use is segment, the accompanying elements are remembered for the demographical of the PEST of KFC. The first is age, there is no age limit is center by KFC, and they just objective on each age of the general public. Yet, I believe that KFC will focus on more youthful more than the more established. The second is family size, KFC will more objective on an entire relatives, that why KFC have give numerous family bundles dinners. The following one is populace. Populace have assumed a significant job in KFC. The light of populace they can make their system. 2.0.1 Political elements Political is the principal component of PEST, it will impact the business in many sort of way. Political can make numerous preferences and open doors for a business. For instance, in government approaches. KFC need to comply with the strategies of the administration in the area they maintain their business in spite of the fact that KFC is a remote organization. KFC have dealt with this arrangement quite well and comply with the strategy of the legislature, so as to maintain this sort of business in that specific area. The following strategy is value arrangements. KFC keep up the value strategy by the method of keeping in the perspective on pay circulation of the individuals who living in the nation. This is the motivation behind why KFC had focused on all theâ classes. 2.0.2 Economic elements Financial is the second component of PEST, all the association is influenced by the national and worldwide monetary variables. The first is salary. Salary is significant factor for KFC; it is on the grounds that wages will chooses which class KFC is going to target. In the early year of KFC, they just powers on the high society. Following not many years, KFC begin to present a few dinners that focus on the center and the upper level. The following financial factor is installment strategies. KFC will do some exploration on what installment techniques is helpful for their clients, at that point just check whether gather cash as money or plastic cash. 2.0.3 Social elements The third component of PEST is society. It focuses powers on family, companions, neighbors, partners, and media. The principal factor is social class. Social class isolate into 3 classes, there are high society, working class, and lower class. As I state early, KFC had focused on all the classes to expand the benefit of the organization. The following two elements are culture and religion. In spite of the fact that the way of life of KFC is unique, however KFC likewise attempt to embrace the diverse culture from various area. For instance, KFC had embraced the Pakistani societies. KFC isn't just receiving the way of life, yet in addition the religion too. KFC offer Halal food to the clients, this is imply that they acknowledged the Muslim religion. 2.0.4 Technological elements The last component of PEST is innovative elements. This is the advancement of innovation has been enormously changed the manner in which they work together. The main factor of technologic is pace of progress. It is same importance of pace of progress. KFC had make a procedure, on the off chance that they believe is an ideal opportunity to present the new technologic, they just will out the technologic. The following two elements are innovative work, and capital arrangement. These two variables are significant elements of technologic. KFC bolster crafted by innovative work so as to present the new innovation. KFC additionally has a supply of hardware to maintain their business exercises. 2.1 data of PEST Vermin is use to personality outside powers influencing the business. This is someâ example that indicated the business’s political, prudent, social and innovative condition. To indentify nature, the organization need to contend in future, it need to comprehend the force advertisement shape variety. In the PEST examination, it will consider each factor is engaged with the whole business condition. There are a few instances of PEST: Political Political variables impact associations from multiple points of view. Political components can make favorable circumstances and open doors for associations. It had incorporates the lawful and administrative, races, work law, client assurance, condition guidelines, charges, political pattern and that's only the tip of the iceberg. Practical Practical variables included financial development patterns, purchaser certainty record, government spending levels, trade rates, tax assessment, discretionary cashflow, joblessness, taxes, expansion, creation levels and then some. Social It included socioeconomics, wellbeing, expectations for everyday comforts, lodging patterns, design, way of life changes, decent variety, movement/displacement, mentalities to work, recreation exercises, occupations, populace shifts, patterns, crazes and winning limit. Innovative It included bio-tech, wellbeing, look into, correspondences, developments, web, data innovation, transportation, paces of outdated nature, fabricating progresses, hereditary qualities, squander evacuation/reusing, etc. 3.0 The impact of PEST Nuisance will impact the organization gain, there are some case of the impacts of PEST factors that I need to demonstrated as follows: The primary component of PEST is political. Political is a significant piece of PEST, it will influence the value change of the organization. For instance, if government need to expand the duties, business need to pay more charges in this manner, the cost will increment. Much the same as mixed beverage, the expansion of the assessment rate impact the extraordinarily diminished. On another hand, business law likewise assume a significant jobs is political, it ensure the advantage of workers, be reasonable for representatives. The subsequent component is financial. On the off chance that the financial swelling is low, it will make the organization cut cost and diminish the net revenues. It will influence theâ company difficult to give to the buyer. Another impact is, the interest is buyout, the expense of capital is low, and it will draw in speculation and development of the organization of being gainful. Albeit a discouraged economy will by and large be a treat which brings about various associations leaving business, it can give chances to a few (Robinson and et al., 1978; Thompson, 2002). The third component is social. It influences the populace wellbeing, way of life change and that's just the beginning. For instance, social had powers KFC to change menus in light of the wellbeing cognizance. The changing of the socioeconomics will influence the organization, for instance, the tying of the number of inhabitants in age, locales, quantities of working and more can impact the interest for the item or administration. This is the effect of the social on PEST. The last component of PEST is innovative. Mechanical will influence the vitality use and the expense. For instance, the organization use machine to create the item, it will spare more vitality and time contrast with laborers. These days, innovation is well known of association a business. They use web to advance their item, it had increment the advantageous of individuals. New innovation can build the benefit of organization, however before utilize the innovation, organization need to send a few workers to go to the preparation. 4.0 Conclusion The PEST examination is significant for each business. It is imperative to have PEST control in all food

How to Start Thinking About College as a High School Freshman

How to Start Thinking About College as a High School Freshman At some point soon, if it hasn’t happened already, someone is going to ask you about college: “Where do you want to go to school? What do you want to major in?” Hopefully that someone is a teacher or a high school counselor and not your older cousin over Thanksgiving dinner (although, full disclosure: we are 100 percent that cousin). However, when these questions come your way, take comfort in knowing you have plenty of time to figure things out. I repeat: You have plenty of time to figure things out. You’re just a freshman! That being said, if you are ready to start thinking about college now, we can help. Our best advice? Start thinking about you! The better you know yourself, the easier it will be to make those big decisions later on. Here are three suggestions to get you started: 1. Really explore your interests. Why do people go to college? Because they want to become knowledgeable enough about a particular subject area to make a career out of it. So finding a major you care about is key. Think about the classes you’re taking and the activities you’re involved in (or those you want to be involved in). What gets you excited? What sparks your curiosity? College majors are vast and varied, so chances are any interests you have can easily be translated into a major. Once you’ve determined your interests, consume them with gusto through classes, extracurriculars, camps, volunteer work, jobs, and more. All of this exploration will help you better discover the opportunities that come along with your interests and whether you can see yourself pursuing those opportunities as a career. An added bonus? College admissions counselors like to see you have experiences related to the major you choose on your application, so you’ll have that going for you later on, too. 2. Start thinking about what’s important to you. There are around 5,000 colleges and universities in the U.S. That number is certainly intimidating if you aren’t sure how to go about narrowing them down. Again, your goal right now should be to get to know yourself better and the kind of college experience you’re looking for. With that in mind, ask yourself the following questions: What am I looking to get out of my college experience (a strong education, social opportunities, a good support system and resources, career preparation, etc.)?What do I care about most when it comes to a college experience?What don’t I care about when it comes to a college experience?Would I rather attend a big school, a small school, or something in between?Am I looking for a city environment, a college town, or a small-town setting?Do I want to stay close to home or venture farther away?Does beginning at a community college make sense for me?What role will financial aid play in my college decision process? Recognizing your priorities when it comes to college can take some time, so don’t worry if you can’t answer all of these questions right now. Just having them in the back of your mind as you begin to look at those college emails inundating your inbox is a helpful start. 3. Make sure you’re doing everything you can now to succeed later. Last but not least, set your later self up for success. This is an important one, but no more soul-searching is required. Start by meeting with your high school counselor. Talk to them about your interests and goals. Your counselor can be an amazing advocate as you work toward college, but in order to best advise you, they need to get to know you. Your counselor can also help you make sure you’re taking the right kinds of courses. Many colleges, including Illinois, require you take certain classes in high school, and they like to see that you’re challenging yourself. Finally, work hard to make good grades, even as a freshman. Although much more goes into reviewing an application than just GPA, many colleges do look at your entire high school transcript. Bottom line, it’s always worth trying your best! Hopefully these suggestions have not only proven helpful but also reassured you that this is your time to explore. The next time someone asks you about college, remember “I’m just a freshman” is a perfectly acceptable response. college college prep resources planning Illinois Admissions We're here for you as you prepare for college. Whether you're looking for guidance on the college search process or have questions about Illinois, we hope our blogs will help!

What factors determins the effectiveness of public health interventions Discuss with reference to at least two contrasting examples. - Free Essay Example

Introduction The health of the whole population is a very important issue. Conditions which are likely to affect the whole population or large sections of the population are considered to be public health issues and are the subject of specific healthcare promotions and interventions. These can take a range of forms; those aimed at raising awareness of symptoms or lifestyle factors that are implicated in developing a particular condition; management of health conditions to improve quality of life and/or longevity or recognition of symptoms to obtain early treatment. Public health interventions are developed to address identified public health issues (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2015). Once these are put in place, it is important to be able to assess the impact of the interventions and their effectiveness in respect of the present situation and also to increase the knowledge base for development of further interventions in the future (Brownson, et al., 2010). This essay will consider the ways in which the effectiveness of public health interventions can be determined. Discussion One of the main factors that needs to be considered in public health interventions is cost-effectiveness (The Kings Fund, 2014). The NHS has increasing demands on its services and so, when developing new interventions or reviewing those already in place, cost effectiveness is one of the most important issues. A further aspect of the effectiveness of public health interventions is the extent to which they have demonstrably achieved the aims set for the intervention (Scutchfield Keck, 2003). These two areas will now be considered in greater detail. There is a finite budget available to the NHS to provide healthcare and this has to be utilised in the most efficient way. The economic constraints that have been in place for some time have created an even greater need for financial efficiency. One way that this can be achieved is through reducing the numbers of people who are suffering from conditions which are considered to be avoidable. Conditions such as diabetes and obesity for e xample, are considered to be largely avoidable by people changing lifestyle habits to improve their health. Thus a range of public health interventions have been directed to focus on these types of issues in order to prevent people from becoming ill as this would represent a substantial saving in costs of treatment for subsequent illnesses. It would also provide benefit to the public in that people would lead longer, healthier lives. However, preventative interventions present difficulties in measuring their effectiveness. A reduction in the numbers of people developing diabetes, for instance, may be attributable to a public health intervention or it may be the result of one or more other factors. The individuals measured may not have developed the condition anyway and so it cannot be proven that the intervention itself was solely responsible for them remaining well. As it can be difficult to accurately measure effectiveness of outcomes, the cost-effectiveness is also difficult to a ssess. Historically, preventative healthcare promotion has been a problematic area due to the difficulties in establishing effectiveness and this made obtaining funding for such activities particularly challenging. However, the increasing demand for services has meant that there has been a shift in perspective and a greater focus on prevention. Thus, the means of evaluating public health interventions in this area has become important. Although the financial implications cannot be the sole driver for health promotion, financial issues are of necessity a major factor as there are obligations on the NHS to produce evidence that their funding has been properly and effectively spent. The effectiveness of health promotions from the perspective of health improvement of the population should be the primary motivation of interventions rather than cost. In order to improve public health, there are a range of options for interventions. The impact of health interventions was described by Fr ieden, (2010) as being in the formof a five-tier pyramid with the bottom tier being the most effective as it reaches the largest sector of the population and has the greatest potential to improve the social/economic determinants of health. The higher tiers of the pyramid relate to areas where the individual is helped to make healthy choices. Topics that are within the bottom tier of the pyramid include the improvements in health brought about by changing lifestyle habits such as smoking. Wide-scale promotions and interventions have been in place for many years and this has reduced the numbers of people who already smoke together with encouraging people not to begin smoking. As a result, the risk factors of health issues such as heart conditions has been reduced. Whilst this may not completely prevent some people from developing such conditions in terms of public health, which takes the wider perspective, a higher proportion of people will be at a lower risk. Thus, the effectiveness of interventions in this case can be measured by the proportion of the population who currently smoke, who have given up smoking and who have started smoking by comparison to previous years records (Durkin, et al., 2012). The numbers of people coming forward for help through smoking cessation provisions offered by their GPs can also be measured, together with the effectiveness of the those interventions in helping people to achieve their goal to stop smoking. The longstanding interventions to reduce the numbers of people with HIV/AIDS also fell within the same category of public health interventions (as just described in respect of smoking) once it was clear that it was a potential risk to a large section of the population. In this instance, there was a large amount of public health promotional activity when the issue was first known in the 1980s but this has largely subsided currently with few if any national high profile promotions/interventions (Bertozzi, et al., 2006). Howeve r, the risk has not been eradicated and there has been an increase in older people developing the condition (AVERT, 2015). This may be due to them not considering they are at risk or they may not have been targeted by the original campaigns which had a greater focus on the homosexual communities, needle using drug addicts and sexually active, younger adults. Married couples were not then considered to be the primary target audience for such campaigns. This demonstrates that there is a need for on-going interventions, particularly in terms of public awareness, to ensure that there is a consistent and improving impact (AVERT, 2015). Unless a health risk has been eradicated, there is likely to be a need for continuing interventions to maintain public knowledge levels. The way in which HIV/AIDS and smoking are directed at the wider population are examples of Friedens bottom sections of the pyramid. When interventions are applied in the top levels of Friedens pyramid they address indi viduals more directly, rather than the whole population (2010). Thus, it could be argued that such interventions would overall, have a greater impact as any public changes need to involve each individual changing. Unless each person is reached by the intervention and perceives that it is a valuable change for them, publicly directly interventions will have reduced effectiveness. National interventions will of necessity be broadly based and they will, therefore, not reach all those people to whom it is aimed as they may feel that it does not apply to them. Thus, the use of interventions that are more specifically targeted to individuals can take into account their socio-economic status and other factors to make the interventions more easily seen to be applicable to them (Frieden, 2010 ). A different view of public health interventions considers the situation for people with terminal or long term conditions. Many of the interventions focus heavily on the medical model and do not ta ke into account the impact on the patient or how they would prefer to be cared for. The medical view of what constitutes good health may be considered to be a more laboratory based, theoretical view that does not necessarily reflect the lived experience of individuals (Higgs, et al., 2005). Physical incapacity may not impact badly on an individual who has found ways to live a fulfilling life whilst someone who is considered fit and well may not consider that they have good quality of life (Asadi-Lari, et al., 2004). Therefore, the impact of interventions on the public also needs to be considered. A medically effective intervention may be unpleasant or difficult for the patient to endure and thus, viewed as being less effective. Furthermore, if the intervention is too unpleasant the patient may fail to comply and thus, also not obtain the level of effectiveness that the medical model would suggest it should (Asadi-Lari, et al., 2004). One area of public health that has proved to b e somewhat controversial in recent years is that of immunisation. The possible links between the MMR vaccine and autism, for instance, has impacted heavily on the numbers of people having their children immunised (BMJ, 2013). Vaccination is an important branch of public health and relies upon sufficient people being immunised against diseases so that should isolated cases occur the disease will not spread. Many parents today will be unaware of the health implications of illnesses such as German measles and mumps as vaccination has made cases rare. The rarity of the cases has also led to the incorrect belief that these illnesses have been eradicated. Therefore, in this instance the effectiveness of the intervention has been varied by the influence of the media reports or adverse outcomes. The fear that was generated has been difficult to overcome and this has resulted in a loss of faith in the process. This then results in reduced effectiveness of the intervention. However, it can pr ove very difficult to restore public support following situation such as this that have continued for a long time. The impact can be measured in both the numbers of people coming forward to have their children immunised and in the numbers of cases of the various illnesses that occur each year. The current statistics, however, do suggest that the levels of immunisation with MMR has now been restored to an appropriate level (NHS, 2013). The provision of the flu vaccine is another instance where public health interventions may have varying effectiveness. The actual effectiveness of a good vaccine is not considered to be 100% when the correct formula has been provided. In 2014, however, the vaccine was not for the actual strain of flu that occurred and so there was little protection provided (Public Health England, 2015). As a result, it is likely that there will be a downturn in the numbers of people who will come forward to receive the flu vaccination this year as the value may be perceived to be doubtful. This also demonstrates the need to provide the public with correct information so that they are aware of the potential effectiveness of the intervention. So in the case of flu, if the vaccine has a 60% chance of preventing the illness this should perhaps be specifically stated. There may be a level at which the majority of people feel that it is not worth having the vaccination. If, hypothetically, an effectiveness of less than 30% was considered by the majority of people to be so low that it was not worth having the vaccination, there could be few people immunised and a major epidemic could follow. Therefore, it is important that the information provided is correct and that the intervention itself is seen to be of sufficient value to the individual to warrant them making that choice to take advantage of what is offered (NHS, 2015). Conclusion This essay has asserted that the effectiveness of public health interventions can be viewed from two main perspectives: the cost effectiveness of the provision and the impact on the target audience. Whilst there are considerable pressures in the NHS financially, this should not be the primary consideration in respect of public health. The aim of public health interventions is to improve the health and well-being of the population as a whole and uses a wide range of methods to achieve this. Some provisions are aimed at the whole population and others are designed for the individual or smaller target groups. For these to be effective, they need to reach the target audience and have meaning for them so that they will be encouraged to take the required action. Continuous changes in the provision may also be needed to ensure that long term issues remain in the public awareness. Bibliography Asadi-Lari, M., Tamburini, M. Gray, D., 2004. Patients needs, satisfaction, and health related quality of life: Towards a comprehensive model. Health and Quality of Life Outcomes , 2(32). AVERT, 2015. HIV/AIDS Statistics 2012. [Online] Available at: https://www.avert.org/hiv-aids-uk.htm [Accessed 28 September 2015]. Bertozzi, S.; Padian, N.S.; Wegbreit, J.; DeMaria, L.M.; Feldman, B.; Gayle, H.; Gold, J.; Grant, R.; Isbell, M.T., 2006. Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries. New York: World Bank. BMJ, 2013. Measles in the UK: a test of public health competency in a crisis. BMJ, 346(f2793). Brownson, R.C.; Baker, E.A.; Leet, T.L.; Gillespie, K.N.; True, W.R., 2010. Evidence-Based Public Health. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Durkin, S., Brennan, E. Wakefield, M., 2012. Mass media campaigns to promote smoking cessation among adults: an integrative review. Tobacco Control, Volume 21, pp. 127-138. Frieden, T. R., 2010 . A Framework for Public Health Ac tion: The Health Impact Pyramid. American Journal of Public Health, 100(4), p. 590à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å"595. Higgs, J., Jones, M., Loftus, S. Christensen, N., 2005. Clinical Reasoning in the Health Professions. New York: Elsevier Health Sciences. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, 2015. Methods for the development of NICE public health guidance (third edition). [Online] Available at: https://www.nice.org.uk/article/pmg4/chapter/1%20introduction [Accessed 28 September 2015]. NHS, 2013. NHS Immunisation Statistics, London: NHS. NHS, 2015. Flu Plan Winter 2015/16. [Online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/418038/Flu_Plan_Winter_2015_to_2016.pdf [Accessed 28 September 2015]. Public Health England, 2015. Flu vaccine shows low effectiveness against the main circulating strain seen so far this season. [Online] Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/news/flu-vaccine-shows-low-effectiveness-against-the-ma in-circulating-strain-seen-so-far-this-season [Accessed 28 September 2015]. Scutchfield, F. Keck, C., 2003. Principles of Public Health Practice. Clifton Park: Delmar Learning. The Kings Fund, 2014. Making the case for public health interventions. [Online] Available at: https://www.kingsfund.org.uk/audio-video/public-health-spending-roi?gclid=CM_ExbKomcgCFcZuGwodE44Lkg [Accessed 28 September 2015].

The Digital Footprint Is The Evidence Of A Technology...

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